Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It is characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of immature white blood cells, known as myeloid cells. CML is caused by a genetic mutation in the bone marrow cells, leading to the production of abnormal white blood cells. Symptoms of CML can include fatigue, weight loss, fever, and an enlarged spleen. Treatment for CML typically involves targeted therapy with drugs called tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which can help control the growth of abnormal cells and improve overall survival rates. Research in the field of CML focuses on understanding the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms of the disease, developing new and more effective treatments, and improving the quality of life for individuals living with CML. Ongoing research efforts also aim to identify potential biomarkers for early detection and to explore emerging immunotherapy approaches for treating CML.